Process for producing dyeings



Patented Jan. 16, 1940 PROCESS FOR 'PRODU CING DYEINGS Charles .Graenac'her, Biehen, Switzerland, assignor tothe firm .of Society of Chemicallndustryin "Basie, Basel, Switzerland NoDrawing. Application July 5, 1938, Seria-l No.

217,633. In Switzerland July 10, 1937 10 Claims. (01. 8-49) In specification No.,2,095,60 and applications SerialqNos. 92244 and.g9,2245 *of- 1936 and No. 173,528 of 1937 there ,areedescribed water soluble acyl derivatives of sparingly soluble .zdyestufis whichcontain in the acylresiduegroups determining water-solubility; In the said specification .it is. explained howsuch derivatives may be; used for producing dyeings byireating themuon the substratumior instancervegetable fiber, with a saponifying agent.

lt-has now been found thate quite generally a certainrdifilculty consists therein that such easily soluble acyl derivatives can be moreor less dissolved from the fiber during the -saponi'fication. This is particularly thecaseif -theaffmity otthe o new .ester -likederivatives for thesubstrata is not very pronounced. Whereas this afilnity is rather pronounced in certain substrata such as textiles of animal origin, for examplewool or-silk,- it is *,smaller with substrata of vegetable origin; for example textiles from cellulose (this term comprising both regenerated and native cellulose). ,iln'suchcases it is necessary to conduct the treatment :with the saponifying agents "under more energetic conditions with regard to the hydroxyl ion'roncentration of the saponifying liquid. Thus tisavoide'd that, preceding the saponification',

the water-soluble saltsof the ester-like'prdducts v aref jdissolved'in part'from the fibre by 'the treat? ing liquor. Apart mm the fact that such a method or working does not alwayslead to quite satisfactory results, thereis a disadvantage it the-substratum or the final dyestuffis sensitive to causticalkali.

3 It has now beenefound that by the selection of suitable conditions it is possible toxreducethe dissolution of the water-soluble acyl derivatives from the substratum previouslyto their saponifi cation to a minimurmso .that with regard to the 0 duration of the saponification ahd the hydroxyl ion conceutrationoi the saponifying liquid one is in a position to select for the saponificationthe mostliavorable conditions with respect to the substratum, .s ensitivene ss to -alkaliqof the dyel stufis,fand "the apparatus es. These conditions exist for example when carrying out the opera- 7 tion in the presence oi-water-soluble salts which reduce the solubility ofthe ester-like products on thefiber, either byapplying them in greater 5m quantities orby converting the ester-like product into sparingly soluble salts by double reaction. t In the; former case therel may be used salts such-as sodium chloride or sodium sulfate,- am- 55 monium chloride, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, ammonium sulfate or magnesium ch10: ride (theqlatter preferably in the presence of ammonium salts such as ammonium chloride) ;.Such salts may. simultaneously also be used as. saponi- M fying agents, this is thecase if salts having an tions, determined by the nature of 'the fabric, by any accompanying dyestuffs which may be fixed alkaline reaction are .used, such as for example alkali phosphates or alkali carbonates. In the latter case it is advantageous to use barium chloride, calcium chloride, barium nitrate, zinc chloride, aluminium sulfate and the like. 5 This manner of Working is the subject matter of my divisional application Serial No. 261,842, filed March 14,1939. Working may also be effected in such a manner that the use of a bath in the treatment with the saponifyingagen'ts is 10 avoided. This may be brought about for example by a treatment with basic vapors such as ammonia gas or; organic amines in the form of vapor. This manner of Working is the subject matter of my divisional application Serial No. 15 2613M, filed March l, 1939. When carrying out the operation in aqueous baths there are preferably used such hydroxyl lo-n concentrations Whichcorrespond to *N/lO up to almost i i-solutions of hydroxides of thealkali 20 metals. Preferably N/lO to .N/15 solutions are used. If desired, there may of course also be 'used higher concentrations of caustic alkalies:

The treating liquors may contain furtherad'dion the "fibre by some other method or by otlier' reasons. Such additional substances are Wetting agents, agentspromoting penetration, thickening agents, oxidizing agents or the like. v The process of the invention is not only appiicable to the products of the-aforesaid U. S. patent, specifications. It may be used quitegenerally for Water-soluble 'acyl derivatives '01 sparingly soluble dyestufis which contain in the acyl residue a group determining solubility in water (for instance, the products of the U. S. Patent Appln. S. N. 173,528, filed November 8, 1937). It is suit able both for dyeing in theinarrower sense and.

for printing. 4 0

The following examples illustrate the inventionz, a

Example 1 A printing pastels prepared asfo'll'o'ws:

The product of the action of meta-benzoich acid sulfo-chloride on the azo-dyestuff from diazotized 3-ch1oraniline and the A fabric which may consistof cotton, artificial silk .from regenerated, cellulose, natural silk or wool, or of a mixture of these fibers is printed with this paste, dried, andtreated'in the Mather 60 Platt apparatus for -10 minutes; the print is then drawn at room temperature through an apv proximately saturated solution of common salt containing per litre 6-7 grams of sodium hy- V droxide; it is then lightly squeezed and then allowed to dry in rolled-up or folded state for 1 2 hours at room temperature. It is then rinsed.

' cold, soured hot, rinsed and soaped at the boil Water vS-ethylthioglycollic acid amide Trisodium phosphate solution 1:2 351 Example 2 The following printing paste is made:

. Grams The product of the reaction of benzoyl chloride sulfonic acid on the azo-dyestuff from diazotized 2:5-dichloraniline and the ortho anisidide of 2i3-hydroxynaphthoic acid 0 60 260 Neutral starch tragacanth thicken'ingQ--- 500 This paste is printed on viscose crepe which is then dried and treated in the Mather-Flatt apparatus for 5-10 minutes. The print is then heated in the reeling vat for 5 minutes at 25 C. with an approximately saturated solution of common salt or sodium sulfate containing per litre 6-! grams of sodium hydroxide. It is then rinsed cold, soured, rinsed again and soaped at C. There is obtained a brilliant scarlet red print.

Example 3 The'following printing paste is prepared:

Grams The product of the action of meta-benzoic acid sulfochloride on the azo-dyestufi from diazotized l-( l methyl) -phenoxyacetylamino-2 5dimethoxy l-aminobenzene and the 3-nitrani1ide of 2:3-hydroxynaphthoic acid 60 Water 140 Thiodiglycol 150 Urea 100 Neutral starch tragacanth thickening 500 Trisodium phosphate solution 1:4 50

This paste is printed ona fabric which may consist of viscose'satin or of cotton or a mixture of cotton and artificial silk from regenerated cellulose, which is then dried and treated in the Mather-Flatt apparatus for 5-10- minutes. The

print is then treated in the reeling vat for 5 minutes at 25 C. with an aqueous solution containing per litrelO grams of crystallized barium chloride and 10. grams of sodium hydroxide. The print is then rinsed as described above, soured and soaped; There is obtained an intense f ast violet print on the artificial silk.

. nium chloride) The procedure is similar with other fibers such as silk or wool or with mixtures of such fibers with those of the preceding paragraph.

If necessary the barium chloride may be replaced by calcium chloride, strontium nitrate or magnesium chloride (in the presence of ammobe replaced by potassium hydroxide and, if desired, there may be used greater quantities of caustic alkalies.

Example 4 The following two printing pastes are prepared:

(a) The product of the action of meta-hem zoic acid sulfochloride on the amdyestufi from diazotized 3-chlorani-' line and the anilide of 2:3-hydroxynaphthoic acid "grams" Water cc 2.70

Urea grams 50 Resorcinol do 50 Neutral starch tragacanth thickening grams 550 Grams 1000 (b) A paste of 20 per cent strength of tetrabromindigo grams 150 Potash thickening do 650 Sodium sulfoxylate formaldehyde 1 grams" 80 Urea dn 80 Water do 40.

Grams 1000 The potash thickening is made as followsz The two colors are printed simultaneously in a two-roller machine on cotton; the print is dried and treated for 5-10- minutes in the Mather- The sodium hydroxide may also 7 Platt apparatus and then in a reeling vat for 5 0 barium chloride; Instead of '7' grams of sodiumhydroxide there may also be used 50 to cc. of

concentrated ammonia solution.

The cotton is thenrinsed as described above, soured and soaped; there is obtained a fastbrilliant orange and blue two-color print.

Ea'ample 5 A cotton fabric printed and steamed as described in Example 1 is drawn at room temperature'in the course of 3 minutes through an aqueous solution containing per litre 200 gramsof sodium chloride and 15 grams of sodium hydroxide. It is then rinsed cold and the print is finished as described'above. The print is a brilliant orange. Y

The following printing paste is prepared: Grams The product of the action'ofmeta-benzoyl chloride sulfonic acid on the azo-dyestufi from 4 -(4 -methyl) phenoxyacetylami no -2 5-diethoxy- 1 -aminobenzene and the "aniline of 2:3 -hydroxynaphthoic acid--- 80 Water 1 v 120 ThiodiglycoL; 150 Urea p h 100 Neutral'starch tragacanth thickening 500 Trisodium phosphate solution 1:4 50

Viscose crepe is printed with this pasteand then dried-and, treated in the Mather-Flatt apparatus 1 ford-'10 minutes. It is then drawn at roomtemperaturethrough a solution of trisodium phosphate of 15 per cent strength containing per litre 50 grams of sodium chloride, then lightly squeezed and left to lie over night in a rolled-up or folded condition at room temperature.

Thereafter, the print is finished asdescribed above, thegcolor-being intensely blue.

Example 7 An artificial silk fabric printed and steamed as described in Example 2 is drawn at room temperature through a saturated sodium carbonate solution containing per litre 2 grams of sodium hydroxide, and then lightly squeezed and rolled upor folded, to be allowed to lie over night. The

print is then finished as described above. print is an intense brilliant scarlet red.

The

Example 8 10 parts by weight of bleached cellulose are ground with 500 parts of water. To the mass thus produced there is added, dissolvedin v50 parts of hot water,.8 part of the product of the action of sulfobenzoyl chloride on the azo-dyestufi from diazotized 4:4"dichloro-2-aminodiphenyl ether and the orthc-anisidide of 2:3-hydroxy-naphthoic acid, and the whole is. thoroughly mixed.

There is, then added 0.5 part by volume of a sodium hydroxide solution of 36 B. which has been previously diluted with parts of water,

the whole is mixed again and 30 partsof a barium chloride solution of 20 per cent strength are added. After mixing the product is sized by the addition of 3 parts by volume of an aluminium sulfate solution of 20 per cent strength and 3 parts by volume of a resin size solution of 5 per cent strength. i

The eiiluent water is completely clear and the paper is colored fast red.

Example 9 5 parts by weight of the product of the action of benzo-ic acid inono-sulfochloride on the amdyestuii from diazotized monobenzoyl-2z5-diaminohydroquinone-diethyl ether and 2:3-hy- 'droxynaphthoic acid anilide, 30 parts of water,

- 50 parts of starch tragacanth thickening and 15 parts of thiodiglycol are mixed to form a printing paste. This is printed on a fabric which may consist of cotton, artificial silk from regenerated cellulose, natural silk, wool, or of a mixture of such fibers and the latter is dried. After steaming for 5-8 minutes in the Mather-Flatt apparatus the fabric is subjected at 80-100 C. for 3-5 minutes to a moist atmosphere containing am- (a) The product of the action of meta- Example 10 The following printing paste is prepared:

Grams The product of the action of benzoic acid sulfochloride on the azo-dyestuff from dia-zotized 2:5-dichloraniline and the orthoanisidide of 2:3-hydroxynaphthoic acid 80 Water 170 Urea 100 Thiodiglycol 150 Neutral starch tragacanth thickening 500 This paste is printed on viscose artificial silk fabric, which is then dried, treated in the Mather- Platt apparatus for 5-10 minutes and drawn in the course of 5-10 minutes through a moist chamber containing ammonia gas at 30-40 C. After washing and soaping there is obtained an intense fast'scarlet redprint. I

A like result is obtained if the steamed fabric is exposed at. room temperature for some time to an atmosphere of ammonia.

Example 11 The following printing paste is prepared:

Grams The product of the action of meta-benzoi acid sulfochloride on the azo-dyestuff from diazotized meta-chloraniline and the anilide of 2:3-hydroxynaphthoic acid 80 Water 270 Thiodiglycol 150 Neutral starch tragacanth thickening '500 After printing this paste on a cotton fabric, the

latter isdried, steamed for 5-10 minutes in the Mather-Flatt apparatus and then drawnthrough an atmosphere of steam containing ethylenediamine at 100 C. in the course of 3-5 minutes. The fabric'is then rinsed and soaped; the print is a fast orange. I

Similar results are obtained if other volatile organic bases, such as ethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, propylamine or the like areadded to the steam.

Example 12 The following two printing pastes are prepared:

Grams benzoic acid sulfochloride on the azodyestufl? from diazotized 4:4-dichloro-2-amino- 1:1-dipheny1 ether and the ortho anisidide of 2:3-hydroxynaphthoic acid 80 Water 270 Thiodiglycol 150 Neutral starch tragacanth thickening.

- Grams (b) Cibanone Green G double paste (Color Index No. 1172) 150 Potash thickening 650 Sodium sulfoxylate formaldehyde--- 80 Urea 80' Water 40 The two pastes are simultaneously printed on cotton and the fabric is dried, treated, in the Mather-Flatt apparatus for 5-10 minutes and then drawn in the course of 5-10 minutes at 30-40 C. through a moist atmosphere containing ammonia. It is then rinsed, soured if necessary, again washed and soaped at the boil.

There is obtained a very fast brilliant greenred two-color print.

What I claim is:

1. Process for producing dyeings by means of water-soluble acyl derivatives of sparingly soluble dyestuffs which contain in the acyl radical the group lending solubility in water by treating such acyl derivatives on substrata with saponifying agents, comprising effecting the saponification with alkaline agents in the presence of water-soluble salts which reduce the solubility of the acyl derivatives.

2. Process for producing dyeings on cellulose by means of water-soluble actyl derivatives of sparingly soluble dyestuffs which contain in the acyl radical the group lending solubility in water by treating such acyl derivatives on cellulose with saponifying agents, comprising effecting the saponification with alkaline agents in the presence of water-soluble salts which reduce the solubility of the acyl derivatives' 3. Process for producing dyeings by means of water-soluble acyl derivatives of sparingly soluble dyestuffs which contain in the acyl radical the group lending solubility in water by treating such acyl derivatives on substrata with saponifying agents, comprising effecting the saponiflcation with aqueous caustic alkalies in the presenceof water-soluble salts which reduce the solubility of the acyl derivatives.

4. Process for producing dyeings on cellulose by means of water-soluble acyl derivatives of sparingly soluble dyestuffs which contain in the acyl radical the group lending solubility in water by treating such acyl derivatives on cellulose with saponifying agents, comprising effecting the saponiflcation with aqueous caustic alkalies in the presence of water-soluble salts'which reduce a the solubility of the acyl derivatives.

5. Process for producing dyeings by means of water-soluble acyl derivatives of sparingly soluble dyestuffs which contain in the acyl radical the group lending solubility in water by treating such acyl derivatives'on substrata-with saponifying agents, comprising effecting the saponification with aqueous caustic alkalies which are N/lO to N-solutions in the presence of watersoluble salts which reduce the solubility of the acyl derivatives.

6. Process for producing dyeings on cellulose by means of water-soluble acyl derivatives of sparingly soluble dyestuffs which contain in the acyl radical the group lending solubility in water by treating such acyl derivatives on cellulosewith saponifying agents, comprising effecting the sa ponification with aqueous caustic alkalies which are n/ to n-solutions in the presence of watersoluble salts which reduce the solubility of the acyl derivatives.

'7. Process for producing dyeings by means of water-soluble acyl derivatives of sparingly soluble dyestuffs which contain in the acyl radical the grouplending solubility in water by treating such acyl derivatives on substrata withsaponifying agents, comprising effecting the saponification with aqueous caustic alkalies which are N/ 10 to N-solutions in the presence of watersoluble salts having a Salting-ollt effect.

8. Process for producing dyeings on cellulose by means of water-soluble acyl derivatives of sparingly soluble dyestuffs which contain in the acyl radical the group lending solubility in water by treating such acyl derivatives on cellulose with saponifying agents, comprising effecting the saponification with aqueous caustic alkalies which are 11/10 to 'n-solutions in the presence of watersoluble salts having a salting-out effect.

9. Process forproducing dyeings by means of water-soluble acyl derivatives of sparingly soluble dyestuffs which contain in the acyl radical the group lending solubility in water by treating such acyl derivatives on substrata with saponifying agents, comprising effecting the saponification with aqueous caustic alkalies which are N/ 10 to N-solutions in the presence of sodium chloride as water-soluble salt havinga saltingout effect.

10. Process for producing dyeings on cellulose by means of water-soluble acyl derivatives of sparingly soluble dyestuffs which contain in the acyl radical the group lending solubility in water by treating such acyl derivatives on cellulose with saponifying agents, comprising effecting the saponification with aqueous caustic alkalies which are 11/10 to n-solutions in the presence of sodium chloride as water-soluble salt having a saltingout effect.

CHARLES GRAENACHER. 

